How to Start Your GIAC® Certification Journey in Cybersecurity

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If you’re considering a career in cybersecurity—or looking to take your existing expertise to the next level - GIAC® certifications are one of the smartest ways to prove your skills. Created by the world-renowned SANS Institute, GIAC certifications are recognized globally as a gold standard for hands-on, practical knowledge across a wide range of cybersecurity disciplines.

From cyber defense and penetration testing to incident response, cloud security, and industrial control systems (ICS), GIAC credentials are trusted by employers in both public and private sectors. In fact, more than 165,000 GIAC certifications have already been awarded, with credential holders working in mission-critical roles across governments, defense organizations, financial institutions, and Fortune 500 companies.

But with nearly 50 different certifications to choose from, each with its own focus area and level of difficulty, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed when you’re just starting out.

Which one should you take first? What kind of roles does each certification prepare you for? And how do you study in a way that gives you the best shot at success?

That’s exactly what this guide is here to answer.

In the sections that follow, we’ll walk you through:

  • How the GIAC certification program is structured
  • Which entry-level certifications are best for beginners
  • What each certification track covers
  • And how you can prepare effectively with the right training and resources

Whether you’re new to cybersecurity or looking to specialize in a new area, this guide will help you find your best starting point - and begin your GIAC journey with clarity and confidence.


What Is GIAC®?

GIAC®, or Global Information Assurance Certification, is the certification body associated with SANS training courses. The goal of GIAC is to validate the real-world, job-relevant skills of cybersecurity professionals through rigorous, hands-on exams.

GIAC certifications are role-based and cover six distinct cybersecurity domains:

GIAC® Certification Tracks: The 6 Core Domains

  • Cyber Defense

      For blue team professionals focused on securing systems, detecting intrusions, and defending networks.
  • Industrial Control Systems (ICS)

      Targeted at those working in SCADA, OT, and critical infrastructure environments.
  • Penetration Testing (Offensive Security)

      Designed for ethical hackers, red teamers, and anyone testing systems for vulnerabilities.
  • Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR)

      Perfect for analysts investigating breaches and collecting digital evidence.
  • Developer

      For software developers focused on secure coding, secure architecture, and application security.
  • Management and Leadership

    Built for security leaders managing teams, policy, and strategy.

Entry-Level GIAC® Certifications to Begin With

Not sure which certification to start with? These are the most popular beginner-friendly GIAC certifications, handpicked by industry expert and Readynez instructor Jens Gilges.


GIAC Security Essentials (GSEC)

This is the most recommended starting point for anyone new to cybersecurity—or for professionals in related roles (IT administrators, auditors, consultants, etc.) who want to build foundational security knowledge.

What you’ll learn:

  • Core security principles and defense strategies
  • Risk management and security policies
  • Cryptography basics and cloud security
  • Hardening Linux and Windows systems
  • Basic forensics and incident response

Ideal for:

Newcomers to cybersecurity, managers, auditors, consultants, and tech support teams

  • GIAC Penetration Tester (GPEN)

If your focus is offensive security or ethical hacking, GPEN is a powerful entry point. It teaches you how to plan and execute penetration tests and exploit vulnerabilities ethically.

What you’ll learn:

Reconnaissance and information gathering

  • Vulnerability scanning and password attacks
  • Exploitation techniques and privilege escalation
  • Attacking Active Directory
  • Tools like Metasploit and PowerShell for exploitation

Ideal for:

Penetration testers, red team members, and blue teamers wanting to understand attacker tactics

  • GIAC Cloud Security Essentials (GCLD)
    Cloud security is one of the fastest-growing areas in cybersecurity. GCLD is vendor-neutral and covers defense strategies across Azure, AWS, and Google Cloud.

What you’ll learn:

  • Cloud governance and legal considerations
  • IAM best practices across platforms
  • Securing cloud VMs, storage, and networks
  • Encryption, secrets management, and automation
  • Monitoring and hardening containers

Ideal for:

Cloud engineers, DevSecOps professionals, security analysts, and IT leaders

  • GIAC Industrial Cyber Security Professional (GICSP)
    The GICSP is the go-to certification for professionals working in industrial environments, including SCADA and OT systems. It covers both cyber and engineering aspects of ICS.

What you’ll learn:

  • ICS protocols and architecture (including Purdue Model)
  • Risk assessment and system hardening
  • Wireless and network security in ICS
  • ICS-specific attack tactics and mitigation
  • Disaster recovery and incident response

Ideal for:

ICS engineers, OT security professionals, plant managers, and risk analysts in critical infrastructure


How to Prepare for GIAC® Certifications

GIAC exams are hands-on and scenario-based, testing not just what you know, but how you apply it. The average preparation time is about 55+ hours of study beyond classroom training.

Options for Training

  • SANS Training

    – The official route, known for high-quality material and expert instructors
  • Readynez Training

    – A more accessible and hands-on alternative with live instructors, modern labs, and exam-focused prep

Why Choose Readynez for GIAC® Prep?

At Readynez, we believe that passing your GIAC exam shouldn’t just be about watching slides - it should be about doing the work.

Here’s what sets our training apart:

Feature

Readynez Approach

Hands-on content

90% labs, 10% slides

Exam prep materials

Included and index-friendly

Updated courseware

Always aligned with the latest tools and threats

Smaller class sizes

More interaction with instructors

Post-training support

Access to mock exams and additional resources

Whether you’re preparing for GSEC, GPEN, GCLD, or GICSP, you’ll walk away with the skills you need to pass—and to perform in the real world.


How to Register for Your GIAC® Exam

Once your training is complete and you feel prepared, you can register for your exam through the official GIAC website. Exams are proctored and scheduled online, with strict identity verification and testing protocols.

Tip: GIAC exams are open book - but only printed materials are allowed, so building a custom exam index during your training is essential.


Ready to Start Your GIAC® Certification Track?

Starting your GIAC journey is one of the best investments you can make in your cybersecurity career. With the right support, the right training, and the right mindset, you’ll be well on your way to earning a certification that sets you apart.

👉 Explore All GIAC Courses with Readynez

📩 Have questions? Reach out to us in the chat—we’re happy to help!


Disclaimer:

GIAC® is a registered trademark of the Escal Institute of Advanced Technologies, Inc. (SANS Institute). This article is not affiliated with or endorsed by GIAC or SANS. It is intended for informational and educational purposes only.
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What exactly is involved?

GIAC creates and maintains industry-standard cybersecurity certifications. With a wide portfolio of specialised qualifications available, GIAC provides some of the most rigorous standards for IT and security professionals worldwide.

So, regardless of how you train for your GIAC Certification. Look for more hands-on, more hours of instructor-led training, updated material and smaller classes.

GIAC Benefits

GIAC Certification Renewal

GIAC continues to accept a wide variety of professional activities as Continuing Professional Experience (CPE) credits. We have expanded the flexibility of these CPEs to further simplify the maintenance of your certifications. Start accumulating and tracking your CPE credits as soon as your GIAC certification is earned. You have until your certification expiration date to complete your CPE submissions and remit payment of the certification maintenance fee. All CPE submissions must be acquired within the 4-year period in which your GIAC certification is active.

Digital Badging

The GIAC (Global Information Assurance Certification) program and digital badging provider Credly have partnered to provide our certification holders with a digital badge of their GIAC certification. Digital badges can be used in email signatures, personal web sites, social media sites such as LinkedIn and Twitter, as well as on electronic copies of resumes. Digital badges help GIAC certification holders convey to employers, potential employers and interested parties the skills required to earn and maintain a specialized GIAC certification.

Success Stories

Real people, real success for GIAC Certification professionals. Today's cyber attacks are highly sophisticated and exploit specific vulnerabilities. Broad, general InfoSec certifications are no longer enough. GIAC offers more than 30 cybersecurity certifications. Each certification focuses on specific job skills and requires unmatched and distinct knowledge.

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